
Originally Posted by
Bark'n
You can not act until you are acted upon. As law abiding citizens, we are bound by law that there must be an immediate, and otherwise unavoidable threat of death or serious bodily injury before we can legally employ lethal force to defend ourselves. That means the attacker(s) must have the ability, the opportunity, and be placing you in jeopardy by deeds or actions simultaneously, before you are justified in using lethal force.
Two or three people surrounding you, obviously puts together the components of opportunity (they have you surrounded), ability (there is "force in numbers" present), but unless and until they actually place you in jeopardy, by producing a weapon, or making physical threats by demanding money or some other threat, you do not have all three tenants of justifiably using lethal force present at the same time. Remember as Ayoob says, two out of three doesn't cut it.
It also doesn't mean you can't act in some manner without pulling your pistol. Which is why, the more tools you have in your defensive tool box and the gray matter you possess between your ears comes into play and help you out of a bad situation.
Remember, a lot of street confrontations occur in exactly this same way... you are confronted with a situation where only two of the three components (ability, opportunity and jeopardy) are present. You have to learn how you are going to respond and work through those situations.
This is what happened to me about 30 years ago when I was 18 or 19 years old in a situation where I was unarmed, but not without means. I was at a shopping mall doing some last minute Christmas shopping and had bought my sister about 3 or 4 decorative, scented candles for her apartment. While going to my car utilizing zero situational awareness, I was suddenly surrounded by two thugs who stepped out from between two cars as I was walking past. I was startled, apprehensive and afraid because while I didn't even know these concepts at the time, I was faced with ability and opportunity. While I was still in the startled phase, one of the thugs proceeded to quickly put me in jeopardy by pulling a knife and demanding I "Give them my friggon money!" All I did was react. Mentally, I remember going from a state of fear and apprehension, to being literally pissed off in an instant. I immediately kicked the man with the knife right square in the groin as hard as I could. What he did was double over reaching for his groin and moved his head right in front of me. He just kind of stuck his head out there in front of me, and I clocked him as hard as I could over the head with the bag of candles which was like hitting him with a brick. Actually it was about 3 lbs of heavy and dense wax. He dropped the knife and fell to the ground. I stomped on him with my hiking boots about 3 or 4 times and gave him one kick in the face. The bag of candles split open and they went skidding across the parking lot. I was totally oblivious to the guy who was with him during the encounter until I turned around and saw him making a bee line across the parking lot. I was totally focused on the guy who had the knife and was doing the talking. When I got home and told my dad what happened he made me call the police and we went back and met them in the parking lot. Of course the thugs were long gone but I found my candles. One was broke in half and the others had some dents in them.
Without any concepts of self defense, situational awareness or having a plan, I got tested and reacted. My fear only lasted a second or two before anger set in, and that carried the day. Of course I felt like the "cock of the block" afterwards, but I also learned a lot from that encounter. I experienced both tunnel vision and tachypsychia even though I didn't know a thing about what those words meant until I learned about them years later. The tunnel vision was pretty clear cut. As soon as I saw the knife, that's all I focused on. The knife and they guy with the knife. Had the other thug been armed (and maybe he was... I just didn't see it) and a little braver, it could have turned out a lot differently. But it didn't. The tachypsychia was what I didn't understand at the time. But things seemed to happen in slow motion. I distinctly remember being startled and scared silly as they basically stepped out from behind the car and surrounded me. I also remember when the knife was produced and he demanded my money that I became angry and remember thinking "you're not getting my last 30 dollars! I have more Christmas shopping to do!" The kicking of the guy in the groin and cold cocking him with the bag of candles were just an instinctive reaction. The stomping on him 3 or 4 times after he was down on the ground was in response to a deliberate thought process of thinking, "make sure he doesn't get up or he'll kill you!"
In the long run, did I do the right thing? Hell yeah! Could I have done things differently? Absolutely! The bottom line is this... There's always more than one right answer, and there's always a ton of wrong answers. Nothing is going to be guaranteed. Looking back, I knew nothing of deadly force situations and in this case, it quickly moved into a justifiable use of deadly force situation had I been armed with a gun at the time.
I know I've rambled a lot in this post, so getting back to your original question... You have to know exactly when things become a deadly force situation. Often times, situations present themselves with an incomplete triad where only two of the three components of ability, opportunity and jeopardy exist. But it can change in the blink of an eye and however you respond, you will have to be able to justify that response to some authority later on after the fact. We all hope, that all we have to do is explain what happens to the responding police and never have to explain what happened to a jury. But it's more than likely going to be a very fine line and it will happen in the blink of an eye. So prepare yourself as best as possible beforehand.